Phenylephrine
Highest phase reached
Approved
Drug type
Small molecule
First approval year
1952
- First approval year
- 1952
- Listing at source
- Listed
- Highest phase reached
- Approved
- Drug type
- Small molecule
- Drug name
- Phenylephrine
- Molecular weight
- 167.21
- Structure (SMILES)
- CNC[C@H](O)c1cccc(O)c1
- (-)-phenylephrine
- (r)-phenylephrine
- ab 101 phenylephrine
- AB-101 (PHENYLEPHRINE)
- cyclomydril
- Cyclomydril
- duo medihaler
- Duo-medihaler
- fenilefrina
- Fenilefrina
- j8 601k
- J8.601K
- m oxedrine
- m sympathol
- m sympatol
- m synephrine
- M-oxedrine
- M-sympathol
- M-sympatol
- M-synephrine
- meta peng block
- meta synephrine
- meta-Peng block
- Meta-synephrine
- metasynephrine
And 27 more, listed on the interactive page.
- CAS registry numbers
- 59-42-7
- ChEMBL ID
- CHEMBL1215
- InChIKey
- SONNWYBIRXJNDC-VIFPVBQESA-N
- PubChem compound IDs
- 6041
- FDA ingredient codes (UNII)
- 1WS297W6MV
- C01CA06
- C05AX06
- R01AA04
- R01AB01
- R01BA03
- R01BA53
- S01FB01
- S01GA05
- S01GA55
Sources for recorded values
- 8163
- 221139
- Applicant
- RAYNER SURGICAL
- Approval date
- 30 May 2014
- Application number
- NDA205388
- Patents
- 0
- Designations
- 1
- First in class
- No
- Fast track
- No
- Breakthrough designation
- No
- Orphan designation
- No
- Priority review
- No
- Orphan exclusivity
- No
- Accelerated approval
- No
- Availability
- Over the counter
- United States (FDA)
- Approved
- Pharmacology name
- phenylephrine
- Type
- Synthetic organic
- Approval recorded by Guide to Pharmacology
- Yes
Administration routes
- Oral
- Parenteral
- topical
- Action
- Agonist
- Action type
- Agonist
- Target
- α1B-adrenoceptor
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1B
- Protein identifier
- P35368
- Median affinity
- 3.9
- Affinity units
- pKi
- Action
- Full agonist
- Action type
- FULL_AGONIST
- Target
- α1D-adrenoceptor
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1D
- Protein identifier
- P25100
- Median affinity
- 7.2
- Affinity units
- pEC50
- Action
- Full agonist
- Action type
- FULL_AGONIST
- Target
- α1D-adrenoceptor
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1D
- Protein identifier
- P25100
- Median affinity
- 4.7
- Affinity units
- pKi
- Action
- Full agonist
- Action type
- FULL_AGONIST
- Target
- α1A-adrenoceptor
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1A
- Protein identifier
- P35348
- Affinity units
- pEC50
- Action
- Full agonist
- Action type
- FULL_AGONIST
- Target
- α1A-adrenoceptor
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1A
- Protein identifier
- P35348
- Affinity units
- pKi
- Primary target
- Yes
- Action
- Full agonist
- Action type
- FULL_AGONIST
- Target
- α1B-adrenoceptor
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1B
- Protein identifier
- P35368
- Median affinity
- 9
- Affinity units
- pEC50
Open Targets mechanisms
- Mechanism
- Adrenergic receptor alpha-1 agonist
- Action type
- Agonist
- Target
- Adrenergic receptor alpha-1
- Action type
- Agonist
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1D
- Protein identifier
- P25100
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Target development level
- Clinical
- Action type
- Agonist
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1A
- Protein identifier
- P35348
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Target development level
- Clinical
- Action type
- Agonist
- Gene symbol
- ADRA1B
- Protein identifier
- P35368
- Organism
- Homo sapiens
- Target development level
- Clinical
- Condition
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Highest recorded phase
- 4
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0000319
- Subject identifier
- D002318
- Condition
- Hypertension
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0000537
- Subject identifier
- D006973
- Condition
- Infections
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0000544
- Subject identifier
- D007239
- Condition
- Neoplasms
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0000616
- Subject identifier
- D009369
- Condition
- Stroke
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0000712
- Subject identifier
- D020521
- Condition
- Obesity
- Highest recorded phase
- 0.5
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0001073
- Subject identifier
- D009765
- Condition
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0001358
- Subject identifier
- D013313
- Condition
- Pain
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0003843
- Subject identifier
- D010146
- Condition
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0003956
- Subject identifier
- D006255
- Condition
- Eye Diseases
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0003966
- Subject identifier
- D005128
- Condition
- Vascular Diseases
- Highest recorded phase
- 0.5
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0004264
- Subject identifier
- D014652
- Condition
- Acute Lung Injury
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0004610
- Subject identifier
- D055371
- Condition
- Hypotension
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0005251
- Subject identifier
- D007022
- Condition
- Hypotension, Orthostatic
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0005252
- Subject identifier
- D007024
- Condition
- Eye Manifestations
- Highest recorded phase
- 4
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0005751
- Subject identifier
- D005132
- Condition
- Shock, Septic
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0006834
- Subject identifier
- D012772
- Condition
- Common Cold
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0007214
- Subject identifier
- D003139
- Condition
- Influenza, Human
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0007328
- Subject identifier
- D007251
- Condition
- Fecal Incontinence
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0009523
- Subject identifier
- D005242
- Condition
- Hemorrhoids
- Highest recorded phase
- 4
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0009552
- Subject identifier
- D006484
- Condition
- Stomatitis
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:0009688
- Subject identifier
- D013280
- Condition
- Orthostatic Intolerance
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:1000645
- Subject identifier
- D054971
- Condition
- Ocular Hypertension
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:1001069
- Subject identifier
- D009798
- Condition
- Mucositis
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO:1001898
- Subject identifier
- D052016
- Condition
- Ovarian Cysts
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- HP:0000138
- Subject identifier
- D010048
And 6 more, listed on the interactive page.
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0000319
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0000537
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0000616
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0000712
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0001358
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0003144
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0003895
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0003956
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0003966
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0004264
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0004610
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0005251
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0005751
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0006834
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0007214
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0007328
- Highest recorded phase
- 3
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0009523
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0009523
- Highest recorded phase
- 4
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0009552
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0009636
- Condition identifier
- EFO_0009688
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO_1001069
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- EFO_1001898
- Highest recorded phase
- 1
- Condition identifier
- HP_0000138
- Condition identifier
- HP_0000822
- Highest recorded phase
- 2
And 42 more, listed on the interactive page.
- Event
- acute myocardial infarction
- Reports
- 15
- Reporting signal score
- 18.0268
- Event
- acute pulmonary oedema
- Reports
- 7
- Reporting signal score
- 13.8296
- Event
- angle closure glaucoma
- Reports
- 6
- Reporting signal score
- 14.1567
- Event
- anterior chamber cell
- Reports
- 18
- Reporting signal score
- 83.7836
- Event
- anterior chamber fibrin
- Reports
- 3
- Reporting signal score
- 13.0034
- Event
- anterior chamber inflammation
- Reports
- 4
- Reporting signal score
- 13.1021
- Event
- anterior spinal artery syndrome
- Reports
- 8
- Reporting signal score
- 49.386
- Event
- apnoea
- Reports
- 15
- Reporting signal score
- 35.9104
- Event
- apnoeic attack
- Reports
- 3
- Reporting signal score
- 10.3828
- Event
- arrhythmia supraventricular
- Reports
- 4
- Reporting signal score
- 11.075
- Event
- arteriospasm coronary
- Reports
- 7
- Reporting signal score
- 14.9531
- Event
- blood bicarbonate decreased
- Reports
- 7
- Reporting signal score
- 19.7464
- Event
- blood calcium decreased
- Reports
- 8
- Reporting signal score
- 12.2551
- Event
- blood magnesium decreased
- Reports
- 7
- Reporting signal score
- 12.8234
- Event
- blood ph decreased
- Reports
- 7
- Reporting signal score
- 21.7136
- Event
- blood pressure decreased
- Reports
- 14
- Reporting signal score
- 10.1997
- Event
- blood pressure systolic increased
- Reports
- 8
- Reporting signal score
- 9.91854
- Event
- bradycardia
- Reports
- 67
- Reporting signal score
- 117.193
- Event
- bradycardia foetal
- Reports
- 4
- Reporting signal score
- 12.1248
- Event
- cardiac arrest
- Reports
- 11
- Reporting signal score
- 9.69524
- Event
- cardio-respiratory arrest
- Reports
- 9
- Reporting signal score
- 15.4486
- Event
- cardiogenic shock
- Reports
- 19
- Reporting signal score
- 44.89
- Event
- cardiopulmonary failure
- Reports
- 4
- Reporting signal score
- 13.0193
- Event
- clonus
- Reports
- 7
- Reporting signal score
- 17.859
- Event
- conjunctival disorder
- Reports
- 3
- Reporting signal score
- 10.7687
And 96 more, listed on the interactive page.
- NCT00120432
- NCT00227448
- NCT04218773
- NCT04839224
- NCT00276016
- NCT01413958
- NCT00373802
- NCT00374881
- NCT00420797
- NCT00481442
- NCT00639015
- NCT04089072
- NCT00624650
- NCT00748059
- NCT01006863
- NCT02277730
- NCT03047109
- NCT03215797
- NCT03702400
- NCT04025918
- NCT04067817
- NCT04789005
- NCT05011357
- NCT06053398
- NCT06083948
And 18 more, listed on the interactive page.
- Dose
- 40 mcg to 100 mcg for bolus; 10 mcg/min to 35 mcg/min for infusion
- Route
- Intravenous
- How often
- Every 1 to 2 minutes as needed; 10 mcg/min to 35 mcg/min, not to exceed 200 mcg/min
- Dilute the 10 mg/mL formulation with normal saline or 5% dextrose in water for bolus or infusion
- Do not dilute the 500 mcg/5 mL formulation before bolus administration
- Hydrogen bond acceptors
- 3
- Hydrogen bond donors
- 3
- Polar surface area
- 52.49
- Calculated partition coefficient (ALogP)
- 0.65
- Calculated partition coefficient (XLogP)
- -0.3
- Prodrug
- No
- Chirality
- Single enantiomer
- Inorganic
- No
- Rule-of-five violations
- 0
- Rotatable bonds
- 3
- Heavy atoms
- 12
- Molecular formula
- C9H13NO2
- Monoisotopic mass
- 167.094628657
- Natural product
- Yes
- 43598-182
- 62225-600
- 82604-600
- Recorded assays
- 1,500
- Active assays
- 80
- Confirmatory
- Other
- Cardiotonic Agents
- Mydriatics
- Sympathomimetics
- Vasoconstrictor Agents
- Nasal Decongestants
- Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists
Distribution coefficient (LogD)
- Median
- -3.02
- Mean
- -3.02
- Minimum
- -3.02
- Maximum
- -3.02
- Unit
- unitless
- Assays
- 1
- Standard deviation
- 0
- Summary method
- median
- Censored results excluded
- 0
- Other units excluded
- 0
- Unknown units excluded
- 0
Measurement types
- LogD
Oral bioavailability
- Median
- 49
- Mean
- 49
- Minimum
- 49
- Maximum
- 49
- Unit
- %
- Assays
- 1
- Standard deviation
- 0
- Summary method
- median
- Censored results excluded
- 0
- Other units excluded
- 0
- Unknown units excluded
- 0
Measurement types
- F
Related records
Trials (198)
- 2.5% and 10% Phenylephrine for Mydriasis in Diabetic Patients With Darkly Pigmented Irides
- A Bioequivalence Study Between Two Brands of Medications to Treat Cough & Cold Symptoms
- A Comparison of Intermittent Intravenous Boluses of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine to Prevent Spinal-induced Hypotension in Cesarean Deliveries
- A Comparison of Solid and Soluble Forms of Cold and Influenza Remedies
- A New More Efficient Cycloplegia Scheme
- A Novel Closed-loop Integrated System for the Maintenance of Haemodynamic Stability
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Trial Comparing Epinephrine Versus Phenylephrine as a Vasoconstrictor in Regional Anesthesia for Upper Extremity Surgery
- A Study Investigating Whether Low Dose Eyedrops for Pupil Dilation is as Effective and Safe as Standard Dose Eyedrops in Examination for Retinopathy of Prematurity.
- A Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Combination Therapy With Morphine, Phenylephrine and Sorbitol in Human Subjects
- Alpha-Adrenoceptor Vascular Function In Chronic Kidney Disease Focus On The Role Of Endothelial Nitric Oxide
- Antitussive Effect of a Naturally Flavored Syrup Containing Diphenhydramine, Compared With Dextromethorphan and Placebo
- Autoimmune Basis for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
- Best Regimen for Phenylephrine Administration During Cesarean Section
- Blood PREssure Augmentation in Large-vessel Occlusion Stroke Study
- Cardiac Index Changes With Ephedrine, Phenylephrine, Ondansetron and Norepinephrine During Spinal Anesthesia
- Cardiac Output Changes in Cesarean Section
- Cardiovascular Effects of Angiotensin (1-7) in Essential Hypertension
- Cerebral Flow-metabolism Coupling During Adult Surgery
- Changes in Vital Signs and Pupil Diameter Related to Pharmacologic Mydriasis in Premature Infants: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Study
- Choroidal Thickness During Changes in Intraocular Pressure and Arterial Blood Pressure
Approved for (3)
- Cardiovascular disorder
- Eye allergy
- Hemorrhoid
In development for (30)
- Acute kidney injury Phase 1
- Acute lung injury Phase 2
- Allergic rhinitis Phase 3
- Brain infarction Phase 3
- Brain neoplasm Phase 2
- Bronchiolitis Phase 2
- Cataract Phase 3
- Common cold Phase 3
- Eye disorder Phase 3
- Hypertensive disorder Phase 1
- Hypotensive disorder Phase 3
- Influenza Phase 3
- Ischemic stroke Phase 3
- Mucositis Phase 1
- Neoplasm Phase 1
- Obesity disorder Early phase 1
- Ocular hypertension Phase 1
- Orthostatic hypotension Phase 1
- Ovarian cyst Phase 1
- Post-traumatic stress disorder Phase 2
Other linked conditions (6)
- Congestive heart failure
- Delirium
- Gestational diabetes
- Heart failure
- Preeclampsia
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus