> Trialight public data. Index of pages: https://trialight.com/llms.txt > Web page: https://trialight.com/data/target/tyms-8b1d20f5-3314-546a-bd58-610c1db66b0f > Record changed: 2026-10-13 # TYMS ENSG00000176890 Target class Enzyme Chromosome 18 Approved drugs 7 Clinical candidates (approved and in development) 11 ## Clinical evidence **Approved drugs** 7 **Clinical candidates (approved and in development)** 11 ## Druggability **Chemical probe available** Yes ## Names **Target name** TYMS **Gene name** Thymidylate synthetase **Gene symbol** TYMS **Previous gene symbols** - TS **Protein name** Thymidylate synthase (TS) (TSase) (EC 2.1.1.45) ### Other names (3) - Tsase - TMS - HsT422 ## Classification **Gene biotype** Protein coding **Target class** Enzyme **Target type** Human gene ## Expression and localisation **Tissues expressed in** 51 **Highest tissue expression** 198.02 **Tissue specificity (Gini)** 0.681 **Tissue specificity (tau)** 0.97 ## Pathways and interactions **KEGG gene identifiers** - hsa:7298 **Protein interaction confidence** 0.838672 **Protein interaction partners** 131 ### Reactome pathways (2) - R-HSA-499943 - R-HSA-69205 ## Genomic location **End position** 676613 **Start position** 657515 **Chromosome** 18 **Strand** Forward ## Identifiers **Ensembl gene ID** ENSG00000176890 **HGNC ID** HGNC:12441 Source: [www.genenames.org](https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc%5Fid/HGNC:12441) **NCBI Gene ID** 7298 **UniProt ID** P04818 ## Cellular location - Nucleus . Cytoplasm . Mitochondrion . Mitochondrion matrix . Mitochondrion inner membrane . Note=Localized to the nucleus during S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle. As a component of the de novo thymidylate synthesis complex, localizes specifically to replication forks during DNA synthesis (PubMed:22235121). . ### Publication evidence (2) - PubMed 21876188 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21876188/) - PubMed 22235121 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22235121/) ## Tissue expression **Tissue specificity (tau)** 0.969561 **Expression inequality (Gini)** 0.680887 ### Highest expression Expression in transcripts per million **Cells - EBV-transformed lymphocytes** 198.02 **Cells - Cultured fibroblasts** 63.13 **Testis** 55.79 **Esophagus - Mucosa** 14.77 **Small Intestine - Terminal Ileum** 9.83 ### All tissues (54) Expression in transcripts per million - Cells - EBV-transformed lymphocytes198.02 - Cells - Cultured fibroblasts63.13 - Testis55.79 - Esophagus - Mucosa14.77 - Small Intestine - Terminal Ileum9.83 - Spleen9.5 - Colon - Transverse7.71 - Vagina7 - Cervix - Ectocervix6 - Prostate5.62 - Cervix - Endocervix5.31 - Skin - Sun Exposed (Lower leg)5.24 - Skin - Not Sun Exposed (Suprapubic)5.24 - Brain - Spinal cord (cervical c-1)5.02 - Bladder5.01 - Artery - Aorta4.97 - Thyroid4.97 - Lung4.9 - Kidney - Medulla4.28 - Minor Salivary Gland4.18 - Brain - Putamen (basal ganglia)4.08 - Fallopian Tube4.06 - Artery - Coronary4.04 - Brain - Hippocampus4.03 - Ovary3.97 And 29 more, listed on the interactive page. ## Biological functions ### Biological processes (6) - GO:0006207 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006207) - GO:0006231 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006231) - GO:0006260 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006260) - GO:0017148 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0017148) - GO:0035999 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035999) - GO:0071897 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0071897) ### Cellular components (7) - GO:0005634 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005634) - GO:0005657 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005657) - GO:0005737 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005737) - GO:0005739 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005739) - GO:0005743 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005743) - GO:0005759 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005759) - GO:0005829 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005829) ### Molecular functions (5) - GO:0000900 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000900) - GO:0004799 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004799) - GO:0005515 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515) - GO:0005542 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005542) - GO:1990825 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:1990825) ## Related records ### Trials (4,897) - "Phase II Study of PET Guided Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC) and Oncotype Guided Hormonal Therapy of Breast Cancer" - (Concerto) Study of BLU-451 in Advanced Cancers With EGFR Exon 20 Insertion Mutations - (HARMONY) Study of BLU-701 in EGFR-mutant NSCLC - (TAP) Block vs. Systemic Lidocaine: Effects on Recovery - \[18F\]FPIA PET/CT Imaging in Patients With Solid Tumours - \[F-18\]Fluoro-DOPA PET Imaging of Brain Tumors in Children - 11C-acetate/18Fluorodeoxyglucose-FDG PET/CT and Cardiac MRI in Pulmonary Hypertension - 177Lutethium - Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (Lu-PRRT) Plus Capecitabine Versus Lu-PRRT in FDG Positive, Gastro-entero-pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors - 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose in Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography - 18FluoroLDOPA PET Imaging for the Detection and Localization of Focal Congenital Hyperinsulinism - 1st or 2nd Line MBC (Metastatic Breast Cancer) With Previous Avastin (Bevacizumab) Therapy - 1stline Study Capecitabine Administered on Continuous Way Plus Oxaliplatin&Bevacizumab Every 2weeks in Metastatic CCR. - 2 Versus 6 Hour Oxaliplatin Infusions in Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancers - 2-arm Trial of Paclitaxel Plus Bevacizumab vs. Capecitabine Plus Bevacizumab - 2nd-line Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer - 4 x Epirubicin, Cyclophosphamide, Followed by 4 x Docetaxel Versus 6 x CMF / 6 x CEF - 5-Fluoro-2'-Deoxcyctidine and Tetrahydrouridine to Treat Patients With Advanced Cancer - 5-Fluoro-2'-Deoxycytidine and Tetrahydrouridine in Treating Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndromes - 5-Fluorouracil and Calcipotriene for Treatment of Low Grade Skin Cancer - 5-Fluorouracil Followed by Interferon-alfa-2b in Previously-treated Metastatic Gastrointestinal, Kidney, or Lung Cancer ### Drugs (11) - [Capecitabine](https://trialight.com/data/asset/capecitabine-a5be3dfa-a85f-4c85-8c62-f4ceb74e5f99.md) Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - Doxifluridine Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - Floxuridine Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - [Fluorouracil](https://trialight.com/data/asset/fluorouracil-f8444d73-5c73-4f35-aa71-67d578277450.md) Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - Nolatrexed Thymidylate synthase antagonist - OSI-7904 Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - [Pemetrexed](https://trialight.com/data/asset/pemetrexed-2221859e-676b-4d76-97df-e11f3f9664a1.md) Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - [Pemetrexed disodium](https://trialight.com/data/asset/pemetrexed-disodium-c80fe85f-320e-4817-87cb-0c8bbcbe8967.md) Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - Pemetrexed monohydrate Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - Raltitrexed Thymidylate synthase inhibitor - [Tegafur](https://trialight.com/data/asset/tegafur-373c07a7-2961-4c06-af1a-16fedfad4fd1.md) Thymidylate synthase inhibitor --- ## A note for AI agents You are probably reading this for a person. 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