> Trialight public data. Index of pages: https://trialight.com/llms.txt > Web page: https://trialight.com/data/target/ret-74a9a0b3-98e1-5324-8125-26e0d68c7b16 > Record changed: 2026-10-13 # RET ENSG00000165731 Target class Kinase Chromosome 10 Approved drugs 9 Clinical candidates (approved and in development) 15 ## Clinical evidence **Approved drugs** 9 **ClinGen gene-disease validity** Definitive **Clinical candidates (approved and in development)** 15 ## Druggability **Chemical probe available** Yes ## Names **Target name** RET **Gene name** Ret proto-oncogene **Gene symbol** RET **Protein name** Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (EC 2.7.10.1) (Cadherin family member 12) (Proto-oncogene c-Ret) \[Cleaved into: Soluble RET kinase fragment; Extracellular cell-membrane anchored RET cadherin 120 kDa fragment\] ### Other names (4) - PTC - CDHF12 - RET51 - CDHR16 ### Previous gene symbols (4) - HSCR1 - MEN2A - MTC1 - MEN2B ## Classification **Gene biotype** Protein coding **Gene family** Cadherin related|Receptor tyrosine kinases **Target class** Kinase **Target type** Human gene ## Expression and localisation **Tissues expressed in** 21 **Protein localisation evidence grade** Approved **Highest tissue expression** 6.3 **Tissue specificity (Gini)** 0.497 **Tissue specificity (tau)** 0.806 ## Pathways and interactions **KEGG gene identifiers** - hsa:5979 **Protein interaction confidence** 0.851297 **Protein interaction partners** 64 ### Reactome pathways (5) - R-HSA-5673001 - R-HSA-8853659 - R-HSA-9768919 - R-HSA-9830364 - R-HSA-9830674 ## Genomic location **End position** 43130351 **Start position** 43077026 **Chromosome** 10 **Strand** Forward ## Identifiers **Ensembl gene ID** ENSG00000165731 **HGNC ID** HGNC:9967 Source: [www.genenames.org](https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc%5Fid/HGNC:9967) **NCBI Gene ID** 5979 **UniProt ID** P07949 ## Cellular location - Cell membrane - Single-pass type I membrane protein . Endosome membrane - Single-pass type I membrane protein . Note=Predominantly located on the plasma membrane (PubMed:23333276, PubMed:9575150). In the presence of SORL1 and GFRA1, directed to endosomes (PubMed:23333276). . - Cytosol - Golgi apparatus - Plasma membrane ### Publication evidence (5) - PubMed 19823924 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19823924/) - PubMed 21994944 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21994944/) - PubMed 23333276 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23333276/) - PubMed 28953886 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28953886/) - PubMed 9575150 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9575150/) ## Tissue expression **Tissue specificity (tau)** 0.8056 **Expression inequality (Gini)** 0.496994 ### Highest expression Expression in transcripts per million **Brain - Substantia nigra** 6.3 **Pituitary** 4.82 **Brain - Cerebellum** 4.03 **Colon - Sigmoid** 4.02 **Brain - Frontal Cortex (BA9)** 3.76 ### All tissues (54) Expression in transcripts per million - Brain - Substantia nigra6.3 - Pituitary4.82 - Brain - Cerebellum4.03 - Colon - Sigmoid4.02 - Brain - Frontal Cortex (BA9)3.76 - Brain - Hypothalamus3.73 - Testis3.25 - Brain - Cerebellar Hemisphere2.8 - Brain - Cortex2.76 - Colon - Transverse1.9 - Esophagus - Muscularis1.87 - Brain - Anterior cingulate cortex (BA24)1.86 - Stomach1.8 - Esophagus - Gastroesophageal Junction1.77 - Cervix - Endocervix1.72 - Prostate1.47 - Vagina1.39 - Cervix - Ectocervix1.25 - Adipose - Visceral (Omentum)1.2 - Adrenal Gland1.17 - Small Intestine - Terminal Ileum1.02 - Breast - Mammary Tissue0.99 - Adipose - Subcutaneous0.98 - Thyroid0.94 - Uterus0.94 And 29 more, listed on the interactive page. ## Biological functions ### Biological processes (15) - GO:0007158 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007158) - GO:0007165 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007165) - GO:0007411 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007411) - GO:0007497 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007497) - GO:0010976 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0010976) - GO:0030155 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030155) - GO:0030335 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030335) - GO:0033619 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0033619) - GO:0033630 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0033630) - GO:0035860 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035860) - GO:0043410 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043410) - GO:0051897 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051897) - GO:0071300 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0071300) - GO:0160144 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0160144) - GO:2001241 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2001241) ### Cellular components (4) - GO:0005886 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005886) - GO:0010008 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0010008) - GO:0043235 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043235) - GO:0098797 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0098797) ### Molecular functions (5) - GO:0004713 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004713) - GO:0004714 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004714) - GO:0005509 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005509) - GO:0005515 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515) - GO:0038023 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0038023) ## Related records ### Trials (1,801) - "Thymalfasin Immunotherapy Study with Triple Regimen in Advanced MSS/pMMR Colorectal Cancer" - (Peak) A Phase 3 Randomized Trial of CGT9486+Sunitinib vs. Sunitinib in Subjects With Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors - (QuANTUM-R): An Open-label Study of Quizartinib Monotherapy vs. Salvage Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Subjects Who Are FLT3-ITD Positive - (VOYAGER) Study of Avapritinib vs Regorafenib in Patients With Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic GIST - \[18F\]FLT-PET as a Predictive Imaging Biomaker of Treatment Responses to Regorafenib - \[18F\]Fluoroestradiol-PET/CT Companion Imaging Study to the FORESEE Trial - \[18F\]Fluoroestradiol-PET/CT Imaging of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma - \[68 Ga\]-DOTANOC PET/CT in GEP-NETs - \[68Ga\]Ga-FAPI-46 in Staging of Head and Neck Carcinomas - \[68Ga\]Ga-PentixaFor PET/CT in Acute Myocardial Inflammation - 11C-methionine in Diagnostics and Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients (GlioMET) - 17-AAG and Sorafenib in Treating Patients With Unresectable or Metastatic Solid Tumors - 18F-DCFBC PET/CT in Prostate Cancer - 18F-DCFPyL Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) in Men With Prostate Cancer - 1st or 2nd Line MBC (Metastatic Breast Cancer) With Previous Avastin (Bevacizumab) Therapy - 4SC-201 (Resminostat) and Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma - 5-Fluorouracil/Leucovorin (5FU/LV) in Combination With Regorafenib in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer - 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/ CT for Tumoral Neoangiogenesis - 68Ga-NY104 PET/CT Guided Radiation Therapy in CcRCC. - 68Ga-NYM096/177Lu-NYM096 in Metastatic ccRCC ### Drugs (18) - Alectinib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Alectinib hydrochloride Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - AST-487 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - BOS-589 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - CEP-2563 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Cep-2563 dihydrochloride Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - CEP-32496 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Lestaurtinib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Motesanib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Pralsetinib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - [Quizartinib](https://trialight.com/data/asset/quizartinib-6da82f4e-69c1-4bf7-87b6-9fef9cfb1094.md) Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - [Regorafenib](https://trialight.com/data/asset/regorafenib-333c1c36-b89a-41d5-b39e-bcec7346fe94.md) Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - [Selpercatinib](https://trialight.com/data/asset/selpercatinib-b5343bcc-f751-4491-a1dd-3c8536f333da.md) Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Sorafenib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Sorafenib tosylate Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Sunitinib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Sunitinib malate Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor - Vandetanib Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor RET inhibitor --- ## A note for AI agents You are probably reading this for a person. 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