> Trialight public data. Index of pages: https://trialight.com/llms.txt > Web page: https://trialight.com/data/target/raf1-0ec15c38-cbfa-5a16-b6ab-f12c16356dd7 > Record changed: 2026-10-13 # RAF1 ENSG00000132155 Target class Kinase Chromosome 3 Approved drugs 3 Clinical candidates (approved and in development) 10 ## Clinical evidence **Approved drugs** 3 **ClinGen gene-disease validity** Definitive **Clinical candidates (approved and in development)** 10 ## Druggability **Chemical probe available** Yes ## Names **Target name** RAF1 **Gene name** Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase **Gene symbol** RAF1 **Protein name** RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) (Proto-oncogene c-RAF) (cRaf) (Raf-1) ### Other names (3) - Raf-1 - c-Raf - CRAF ## Classification **Gene biotype** Protein coding **Gene family** Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases|RAF family **Target class** Kinase **Target type** Human gene ## Expression and localisation **Tissues expressed in** 54 **Protein localisation evidence grade** Supported **Highest tissue expression** 152.17 **Tissue specificity (Gini)** 0.252 **Tissue specificity (tau)** 0.463 ## Pathways and interactions **KEGG gene identifiers** - hsa:5894 **Protein interaction confidence** 0.89816 **Protein interaction partners** 100 ### Reactome pathways (17) - R-HSA-2672351 - R-HSA-392517 - R-HSA-430116 - R-HSA-5621575 - R-HSA-5673000 - R-HSA-5674135 - R-HSA-5674499 - R-HSA-5675221 - R-HSA-6802946 - R-HSA-6802948 - R-HSA-6802952 - R-HSA-6802955 - R-HSA-9649948 - R-HSA-9656223 - R-HSA-9726840 - R-HSA-9726842 - R-HSA-9732724 ## Genomic location **End position** 12664201 **Start position** 12582101 **Chromosome** 3 **Strand** Reverse ## Identifiers **Ensembl gene ID** ENSG00000132155 **HGNC ID** HGNC:9829 Source: [www.genenames.org](https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc%5Fid/HGNC:9829) **NCBI Gene ID** 5894 **UniProt ID** P04049 ## Cellular location - Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Mitochondrion. Nucleus. Note=Colocalizes with RGS14 and BRAF in both the cytoplasm and membranes. Phosphorylation at Ser-259 impairs its membrane accumulation. Recruited to the cell membrane by the active Ras protein. Phosphorylation at Ser-338 and Ser-339 by PAK1 is required for its mitochondrial localization. Retinoic acid-induced Ser-621 phosphorylated form of RAF1 is predominantly localized at the nucleus. - Cytosol - Plasma membrane ## Tissue expression **Tissue specificity (tau)** 0.462608 **Expression inequality (Gini)** 0.252189 ### Highest expression Expression in transcripts per million **Muscle - Skeletal** 152.17 **Artery - Tibial** 139.42 **Brain - Cerebellar Hemisphere** 134.87 **Whole Blood** 131.14 **Ovary** 129.4 ### All tissues (54) Expression in transcripts per million - Muscle - Skeletal152.17 - Artery - Tibial139.42 - Brain - Cerebellar Hemisphere134.87 - Whole Blood131.14 - Ovary129.4 - Artery - Aorta128.08 - Uterus127.87 - Brain - Cerebellum126.8 - Thyroid126.78 - Cervix - Ectocervix121.59 - Cells - Cultured fibroblasts121.16 - Artery - Coronary120.56 - Nerve - Tibial117.22 - Cervix - Endocervix115.79 - Fallopian Tube110.37 - Cells - EBV-transformed lymphocytes108.27 - Skin - Sun Exposed (Lower leg)107.99 - Lung106.76 - Vagina103.88 - Skin - Not Sun Exposed (Suprapubic)101.78 - Bladder99.15 - Esophagus - Gastroesophageal Junction97.04 - Spleen94.88 - Esophagus - Muscularis94.16 - Prostate93.81 And 29 more, listed on the interactive page. ## Biological functions ### Biological processes (13) - GO:0006468 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006468) - GO:0006915 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006915) - GO:0007165 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007165) - GO:0008285 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0008285) - GO:0031333 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0031333) - GO:0033138 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0033138) - GO:0035023 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035023) - GO:0042060 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042060) - GO:0042981 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042981) - GO:0043066 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043066) - GO:0043410 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043410) - GO:0045595 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0045595) - GO:0060333 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060333) ### Cellular components (5) - GO:0005737 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005737) - GO:0005741 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005741) - GO:0005794 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005794) - GO:0005829 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005829) - GO:0005886 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005886) ### Molecular functions (8) - GO:0004672 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004672) - GO:0004674 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0004674) - GO:0005515 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515) - GO:0010856 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0010856) - GO:0019899 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0019899) - GO:0031267 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0031267) - GO:0042802 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042802) - GO:0106310 Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0106310) ## On-target safety - heart disease ### Studies - preclinical: Important for the heart and vasculature based on findings in genetically modified or kinase-inhibitor-treated mice. Role of kinase in heart/vasculature: Anti-apoptotic; preserves left ventricular function under stress. Knockout mouse model: left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure in the absence of additional stress; Dominant negative transgenic mouse model: reduced hypertrophy but left ventricular dysfunction due to cell death ### Biological samples - cardiovascular system PubMed 21283106 Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21283106/) ## Off-target safety - regulation of catalytic activity ### Studies - biochemical: NVS\_ENZ\_hRAF1, is one of one assay component(s) measured or calculated from the NVS\_ENZ\_hRAF1 assay. It is designed to make measurements of enzyme activity, a form of enzyme reporter, as detected with fluorescence intensity signals by Fluorescence and electrophoretic mobility shift technology. ### Biological samples - cell-free Evidence source Source: [www.epa.gov](https://www.epa.gov/chemical-research/exploring-toxcast-data-downloadable-data) ## Related records ### Trials (1,110) - "Thymalfasin Immunotherapy Study with Triple Regimen in Advanced MSS/pMMR Colorectal Cancer" - (VOYAGER) Study of Avapritinib vs Regorafenib in Patients With Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic GIST - \[18F\]FLT-PET as a Predictive Imaging Biomaker of Treatment Responses to Regorafenib - \[18F\]Fluoroestradiol-PET/CT Companion Imaging Study to the FORESEE Trial - \[18F\]Fluoroestradiol-PET/CT Imaging of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma - \[68 Ga\]-DOTANOC PET/CT in GEP-NETs - \[68Ga\]Ga-FAPI-46 in Staging of Head and Neck Carcinomas - \[68Ga\]Ga-PentixaFor PET/CT in Acute Myocardial Inflammation - 11C-methionine in Diagnostics and Management of Glioblastoma Multiforme Patients (GlioMET) - 17-AAG and Sorafenib in Treating Patients With Unresectable or Metastatic Solid Tumors - 18F-DCFBC PET/CT in Prostate Cancer - 18F-DCFPyL Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) in Men With Prostate Cancer - 1st or 2nd Line MBC (Metastatic Breast Cancer) With Previous Avastin (Bevacizumab) Therapy - 4SC-201 (Resminostat) and Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma - 5-Fluorouracil/Leucovorin (5FU/LV) in Combination With Regorafenib in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer - 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/ CT for Tumoral Neoangiogenesis - 68Ga-NY104 PET/CT Guided Radiation Therapy in CcRCC. - 68Ga-NYM096/177Lu-NYM096 in Metastatic ccRCC - 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Prostate Cancer - 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT in Prostate Cancer ### Drugs (12) - ARQ-736 Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - ARQ-736 FREE ACID Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - Belvarafenib RAF serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor - LGX-806 Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - LY-3009120 Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - Naporafenib B-raf/RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase inhibitor - [Regorafenib](https://trialight.com/data/asset/regorafenib-333c1c36-b89a-41d5-b39e-bcec7346fe94.md) Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - RG-7376 Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - Sorafenib Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - Sorafenib tosylate Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor - Tovorafenib RAF serine/threonine protein kinase inhibitor - XL-281 Serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF inhibitor --- ## A note for AI agents You are probably reading this for a person. 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