> Trialight public data. Index of pages: https://trialight.com/llms.txt
> Web page: https://trialight.com/data/target/maoa-be7ddd83-d933-5b0b-9f8c-56099f03f70c
> Record changed: 2026-11-04

# MAOA

ENSG00000189221

Target class

Enzyme

Chromosome

X

Approved drugs

12

Clinical candidates (approved and in development)

14

## Clinical evidence

**Approved drugs**

12

**ClinGen gene-disease validity**

Definitive

**Clinical candidates (approved and in development)**

14

## Druggability

**Chemical probe available**

Yes

## Names

**Target name**

MAOA

**Gene name**

Monoamine oxidase A

**Gene symbol**

MAOA

**Protein name**

Amine oxidase \[flavin-containing\] A (EC 1.4.3.21) (EC 1.4.3.4) (Monoamine oxidase type A) (MAO-A)

## Classification

**Gene biotype**

Protein coding

**Gene family**

Flavoproteins

**Target class**

Enzyme

**Target type**

Human gene

## Expression and localisation

**Tissues expressed in**

53

**Protein localisation evidence grade**

Supported

**Highest tissue expression**

133.87

**Tissue specificity (Gini)**

0.448

**Tissue specificity (tau)**

0.656

## Pathways and interactions

**KEGG gene identifiers**

- hsa:4128

**Protein interaction confidence**

0.89419

**Protein interaction partners**

58

### Reactome pathways (8)

- R-HSA-141333
- R-HSA-181430
- R-HSA-379397
- R-HSA-379398
- R-HSA-379401
- R-HSA-380612
- R-HSA-5579012
- R-HSA-6785807

## Genomic location

**End position**

43746821

**Start position**

43654907

**Chromosome**

X

**Strand**

Forward

## Identifiers

**Ensembl gene ID**

ENSG00000189221

**HGNC ID**

HGNC:6833

Source: [www.genenames.org](https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc%5Fid/HGNC:6833)

**NCBI Gene ID**

4128

**UniProt ID**

P21397

## Cellular location

- Mitochondrion outer membrane
- Single-pass type IV membrane protein
- Cytoplasmic side .
- Mitochondria

## Tissue expression

**Tissue specificity (tau)**

0.655604

**Expression inequality (Gini)**

0.447818

### Highest expression

Expression in transcripts per million

**Adipose - Subcutaneous**

133.87

**Small Intestine - Terminal Ileum**

131.61

**Esophagus - Muscularis**

125.75

**Bladder**

118.36

**Artery - Tibial**

116.52

### All tissues (54)

Expression in transcripts per million

- Adipose - Subcutaneous133.87
- Small Intestine - Terminal Ileum131.61
- Esophagus - Muscularis125.75
- Bladder118.36
- Artery - Tibial116.52
- Thyroid114.97
- Colon - Transverse110.03
- Esophagus - Gastroesophageal Junction101.1
- Lung100.67
- Adipose - Visceral (Omentum)90.5
- Colon - Sigmoid86.17
- Breast - Mammary Tissue78.94
- Artery - Coronary77.98
- Fallopian Tube77.17
- Prostate65.25
- Artery - Aorta64.38
- Vagina63.14
- Ovary57.23
- Stomach55.81
- Esophagus - Mucosa55.72
- Cells - Cultured fibroblasts46.96
- Skin - Not Sun Exposed (Suprapubic)46.9
- Cervix - Ectocervix45.59
- Nerve - Tibial44.53
- Skin - Sun Exposed (Lower leg)42.13

And 29 more, listed on the interactive page.

## Biological functions

### Biological processes (2)

- GO:0006576  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006576)
- GO:0042420  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042420)

### Cellular components (2)

- GO:0005739  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005739)
- GO:0005741  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005741)

### Molecular functions (3)

- GO:0005515  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)
- GO:0008131  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0008131)
- GO:0097621  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0097621)

## On-target safety

- weakness  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - clinical: weakness  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
Evidence source  
Source: [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118098141.ch2)
- drug-drug interactions  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: drug-drug interactions  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- tremors  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: tremors  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- dizziness  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - clinical: dizziness  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
Evidence source  
Source: [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118098141.ch2)
- nausea  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: nausea  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- hypomania  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - clinical: hypomania  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
Evidence source  
Source: [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118098141.ch2)
- serotonin syndrome  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - clinical: serotonin syndrome  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
Evidence source  
Source: [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118098141.ch2)
- sleep disturbances  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: sleep disturbances  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- dizziness  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: dizziness  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased aggression  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased aggression  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- blurred vision  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - clinical: blurred vision  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
Evidence source  
Source: [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118098141.ch2)
- weakness  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: weakness  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased anxiety  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased anxiety  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- fatigue  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: fatigue  
### Biological samples (2)

  - Pharmaco-kinetics
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- hypertensive when combined with pressor amines such as tyramine present in cheese: inhibitors may induce severe hypertensive crisis (known as "cheese reaction")  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - clinical: hypertensive when combined with pressor amines such as tyramine present in cheese: inhibitors may induce severe hypertensive crisis (known as "cheese reaction")  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
Evidence source  
Source: [doi.org](https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118098141.ch2)

## Off-target safety

- dizziness  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: dizziness  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- increased blood pressure when combined with amines such as tyramine  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased blood pressure when combined with amines such as tyramine  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- drug-drug interaction potential  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: drug-drug interaction potential  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- nausea  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: nausea  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- sleep disturbances  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: sleep disturbances  
### Biological samples (2)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)

## Related records

### Trials (210)

- 6 Months of Bedaquiline(BDQ), Delamanid(DLM), Linezolid(LZD) and Levofloxacin(LFX) in RR-TB Patients in Hubei Province
- A Clinical Study, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Single Dose Study
- A P3 Comparator Trial in Community Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia
- A PAN-USR TB Multi-Center Trial
- A Phase 2 Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Linezolid in Tuberculosis Patients. (LIN-CL001)
- A Phase 3 Trial Assessing Safety and Efficacy of B-Pa-L in Participants With DR-TB
- A Phase Ⅱ Clinical Study of 9MW1411 Injection in Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure Infections
- A Phase II Clinical Study of LCB01-0371 to Evaluate the EBA, Safety and PK
- A Pilot Study Assessing EmSam in Bipolar Depression
- A Research Study of V3381 for the Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain
- A Single Center Four Part Study in Healthy Adult Subjects to Evaluate: the Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of a Single Oral Dose and Repeat Escalating Oral Doses of GSK945237; the Effect of Linezolid on Hematology Safety Parameters; and the Effects of GSK945237 and Moxifloxacin on QTc.
- A Study in Healthy People to Test How Combining BI 1467335 and Tyramine Affects Blood Pressure
- A Study of an Oral Short-course Regimen Including Bedaquiline for the Treatment of Participants With Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in China
- A Study of Quabodepistat-containing Regimens for the Treatment of Drug-resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis
- A Study on the Short-course Treatment Regimen Containing Pretomanid for Drug-resistant Tuberculosis
- A Study to Assess Objective Endpoint Measurements of Response in Bacterial Skin Infections
- A Study to Assess the Bioavailability and Adhesion of Selegiline TDS in Healthy Subjects
- A Study To Assess The Effect Of Linezolid On QTc Interval
- [A Study to Assess the Skin Irritation and Sensitization of Selegiline TDS in Healthy Subjects](https://trialight.com/data/trial/a-study-to-assess-the-skin-irritation-and-sensitization-of-a96fc3e3-f026-44d3-a39d-f379fa86b60b.md)
- AbioKin - Antibiotic Kinetics

### Drugs (24)

- Befloxatone
- Bifemelane
- Clorgiline
- Indantadol Monoamine oxidase A inhibitor
- Iproniazid Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Isocarboxazid Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Linezolid
- Mebanazine Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Minaprine Monoamine oxidase A inhibitor
- Minaprine hydrochloride Monoamine oxidase A inhibitor
- Moclobemide Monoamine oxidase A inhibitor
- Nialamide Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Pargyline Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Pargyline hydrochloride Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Phenelzine Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Phenelzine sulfate Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Pheniprazine
- Phenoxypropazine Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
- Pirlindole
- Proxibarbal Monoamine oxidase A activator

---

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