> Trialight public data. Index of pages: https://trialight.com/llms.txt
> Web page: https://trialight.com/data/target/drd2-3954578c-778e-5db8-b849-727c979ba842
> Record changed: 2026-10-13

# DRD2

ENSG00000149295

Target class

GPCR

Chromosome

11

Approved drugs

73

Clinical candidates (approved and in development)

98

## Clinical evidence

**Approved drugs**

73

**Clinical candidates (approved and in development)**

98

## Druggability

**Chemical probe available**

Yes

## Names

**Other names**

- D2R

**Target name**

DRD2

**Gene name**

Dopamine receptor D2

**Gene symbol**

DRD2

**Protein name**

D(2) dopamine receptor (Dopamine D2 receptor)

## Classification

**Gene biotype**

Protein coding

**Gene family**

Dopamine receptors|MicroRNA protein coding host genes

**Target class**

GPCR

**Target type**

Human gene

## Expression and localisation

**Tissues expressed in**

14

**Highest tissue expression**

81.44

**Tissue specificity (Gini)**

0.867

**Tissue specificity (tau)**

0.956

## Pathways and interactions

**KEGG gene identifiers**

- hsa:1813

**Reactome pathways**

- R-HSA-390651

**Protein interaction confidence**

0.862821

**Protein interaction partners**

67

## Genomic location

**End position**

113476402

**Start position**

113409605

**Chromosome**

11

**Strand**

Reverse

## Identifiers

**Ensembl gene ID**

ENSG00000149295

**HGNC ID**

HGNC:3023

Source: [www.genenames.org](https://www.genenames.org/data/gene-symbol-report/#!/hgnc%5Fid/HGNC:3023)

**NCBI Gene ID**

1813

**UniProt ID**

P14416

## Cellular location

- Cell membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein . Golgi apparatus membrane
- Multi-pass membrane protein .

### Publication evidence (2)

- PubMed 21645528  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21645528/)
- PubMed 26535572  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26535572/)

## Tissue expression

**Tissue specificity (tau)**

0.955664

**Expression inequality (Gini)**

0.867413

### Highest expression

Expression in transcripts per million

**Pituitary**

81.44

**Brain - Nucleus accumbens (basal ganglia)**

51.91

**Brain - Putamen (basal ganglia)**

45.74

**Brain - Caudate (basal ganglia)**

40.7

**Minor Salivary Gland**

11.45

### All tissues (54)

Expression in transcripts per million

- Pituitary81.44
- Brain - Nucleus accumbens (basal ganglia)51.91
- Brain - Putamen (basal ganglia)45.74
- Brain - Caudate (basal ganglia)40.7
- Minor Salivary Gland11.45
- Brain - Substantia nigra8.66
- Brain - Hypothalamus6.5
- Nerve - Tibial4.03
- Cervix - Endocervix1.85
- Testis1.75
- Brain - Amygdala1.57
- Brain - Cortex1.23
- Brain - Frontal Cortex (BA9)1.04
- Brain - Cerebellum1.03
- Brain - Cerebellar Hemisphere0.93
- Brain - Hippocampus0.91
- Prostate0.9
- Brain - Anterior cingulate cortex (BA24)0.87
- Fallopian Tube0.85
- Skin - Sun Exposed (Lower leg)0.82
- Breast - Mammary Tissue0.75
- Uterus0.66
- Brain - Spinal cord (cervical c-1)0.65
- Skin - Not Sun Exposed (Suprapubic)0.63
- Artery - Aorta0.59

And 29 more, listed on the interactive page.

## Biological functions

### Biological processes (9)

- GO:0007195  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007195)
- GO:0032467  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0032467)
- GO:0034776  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0034776)
- GO:0042417  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042417)
- GO:0050482  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050482)
- GO:0050709  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050709)
- GO:0051584  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051584)
- GO:0060158  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060158)
- GO:1900168  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:1900168)

### Cellular components (6)

- GO:0000139  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0000139)
- GO:0005886  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005886)
- GO:0005929  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005929)
- GO:0060170  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060170)
- GO:0097648  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0097648)
- GO:0097730  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0097730)

### Molecular functions (5)

- GO:0001591  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0001591)
- GO:0001965  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0001965)
- GO:0005515  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005515)
- GO:0032795  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0032795)
- GO:0042802  
Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042802)

## On-target safety

- decreased blood pressure  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased blood pressure  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- fainting  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: fainting  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased body temperature  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased body temperature  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- heart failure  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: chronic  
### Studies

  - preclinical: heart failure  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- vomiting  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: vomiting  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- stereotypy  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: stereotypy  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- drug abuse/dependence  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: drug abuse/dependence  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- confusion  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: confusion  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased pituitary hormone secretion  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased pituitary hormone secretion  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- drowsiness  
### Effects (2)

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute
  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: drowsiness  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- increased convulsions  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased convulsions  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased locomotor activity  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased locomotor activity  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased gastrointestinal transit  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased gastrointestinal transit  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- increased blood pressure  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased blood pressure  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- increased urinary sodium excretion  
### Effects (2)

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute
  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased urinary sodium excretion  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- catalepsy  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: catalepsy  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased heart rate  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased heart rate  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased/increased Locomotor activity  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased/increased Locomotor activity  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased convulsions  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased convulsions  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- decreased pain  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased pain  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- increased gastrointestinal transit  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased gastrointestinal transit  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- increased urine excretion  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased urine excretion  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- hallucinations  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: hallucinations  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- orthostatic hypotension  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: acute  
### Studies

  - preclinical: orthostatic hypotension  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)
- fibrotic valvular heart disease  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: chronic  
### Studies

  - preclinical: fibrotic valvular heart disease  
### Biological samples (4)

  - renal
  - central nervous system
  - cardiovascular
  - gastrointestinal  
PubMed 28216264  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28216264/)

## Off-target safety

- emesis  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: emesis  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- drowsiness  
### Effects (2)

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general
  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: drowsiness  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- confusion  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: confusion  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- syncope  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: syncope  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- receptor binding  
### Studies

  - biochemical: NVS\_GPCR\_hDRD2s, is one of one assay component(s) measured or calculated from the NVS\_GPCR\_hDRD2s assay. It is designed to make measurements of radioligand binding, a form of binding reporter, as detected with scintillation counting signals by Filter-based radiodetection technology.  
### Biological samples

  - cell-free  
Evidence source  
Source: [www.epa.gov](https://www.epa.gov/chemical-research/exploring-toxcast-data-downloadable-data)
- increased sodium excretion  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased sodium excretion  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- orthostatic hypotension  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: orthostatic hypotension  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- hallucinations  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: hallucinations  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- decreased heart rate  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased heart rate  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- increased gastrointestinal motility  
### Effects

  - Inhibition/Decrease/Downregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: increased gastrointestinal motility  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)
- decreased pituitary hormone secretions  
### Effects

  - Activation/Increase/Upregulation: general  
### Studies

  - preclinical: decreased pituitary hormone secretions  
### Biological samples (3)

  - cardiovascular system
  - central nervous system
  - endocrine  
PubMed 23197038  
Source: [pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23197038/)

## Related records

### Trials (2,791)

- "Brexpiprazole (Rexulti™) Safety and Efficacy Among Filipino Patients (RAISE) - A Post Marketing Surveillance Program"
- "Extended" (Alternate Day) Antipsychotic Dosing
- "Olanzapine for Prevention of Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Children and Adolescents Receiving Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy (HEC)"
- "THINK Trial: Treatment of Headache With IntraNasal Ketamine: A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Efficacy of Intranasal Ketamine Versus Standard Therapy in the Management of Primary Headache Syndromes in the Emergency Department"
- 1/2-MC4R Genotype and Pediatric Antipsychotic Drug- Induced Weight Gain
- 12 Week Study of the Safety/Efficacy of Asenapine When Added to Lithium/Valproate in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder (A7501008 / P05844 / MK-8274-017)
- 12- Week Open Label Treatment of Refractory Bipolar Depression
- 12-week Polysomnography Study of Ropinirole Controlled Release for Restless Legs Syndrome
- 15 Month Study for Adults Who Have Been Diagnosed With Schizophrenia and Incarcerated
- 18F-DOPA PET to Elucidate the Antidepressant Mechanism of Lurasidone in Bipolar Disorder
- 24-Week Open Label Extension to a Randomized, 6-Week Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study, to Evaluate the Safety and Tolerability of Flexible Doses of Extended Release OROS® Paliperidone in the Treatment of Geriatric Subjects With Schizophrenia
- 28-30 Month Study Comparing Paliperidone Palmitate With Oral Risperidone for Treating Adults Diagnosed With Schizophrenia Within the Past 5 Years
- 3-Week Study of Asenapine, Olanzapine and Placebo for Treatment of Bipolar Mania (P07008)
- 3-week Study of Asenapine, Olanzapine and Placebo for Treatment of Bipolar Mania (P07009)
- 3-week Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Ziprasidone With Either Lithium or Divalproex in Acutely Manic Subjects
- 40 Week Extension Study Of Asenapine and Olanzapine For Bipolar Disorder (A7501007)(COMPLETED)(P05857)
- 40 Week Trial to Study the Safety of Asenapine When Added to Lithium or Valproate in the Treatment of Bipolar Disorder (A7501009)(P05786)
- 5-HTR2A, DRD2,and COMT Genes Polymorphisms and Olanzapine Plasma Concentration in Treatment of Early-onset Schizophrenia
- 5HT3 Antagonism and Auditory Gating in Schizophrenia
- 6-Month Extension Trial of Asenapine With Olanzapine in Negative Symptom Patients Who Completed the Protocol 25543 (25544)(P05777)

### Drugs (122)

- Acetophenazine Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Acetophenazine maleate Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Adoprazine Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Alizapride Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Amineptine Dopamine D1 and D2 receptor antagonist
- Amisulpride Dopamine receptors; D2 & D3 antagonist
- Amoxapine Dopamine receptor antagonist
- Aplindore Dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist
- Aplindore fumarate Dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist
- Apomorphine D2-like dopamine receptor agonist
- Apomorphine hydrochloride D2-like dopamine receptor agonist
- [Aripiprazole](https://trialight.com/data/asset/aripiprazole-ca9997bd-e762-4bd5-ae57-3df4e68a30dd.md) Dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist
- Aripiprazole lauroxil Dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist
- Asenapine Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Asenapine maleate Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Benperidol Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
- Benzquinamide Dopamine D2 receptor modulator
- Benzquinamide hydrochloride Dopamine D2 receptor modulator
- Bifeprunox Dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist
- Blonanserin Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist

---

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