> Trialight public data. Index of pages: https://trialight.com/llms.txt
> Web page: https://trialight.com/data/asset/nitrofurantoin-1409e75a-3142-41c2-80b4-5db81a22c2f6
> Record changed: 2026-11-04

# Nitrofurantoin

Highest phase reached

Approved

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

Drug type

Small molecule

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

First approval year

1953

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

## Development status

**First approval year**

1953

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

**Listing at source**

Listed

**Highest phase reached**

Approved

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

## Names and chemistry

**Drug type**

Small molecule

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

**Drug name**

Nitrofurantoin

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

**Molecular weight**

238.16

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

**Structure (SMILES)**

O=C1CN(/N=C/c2ccc(\[N+\](=O)\[O-\])o2)C(=O)N1

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

### Brand names (26)

- berkfurin
- Berkfurin
- ceduran
- Ceduran
- dantafur
- Dantafur
- furadantin
- Furadantin
- furalan
- Furalan
- genfura
- Genfura
- macrobid
- Macrobid
- macrodantin
- Macrodantin
- nitrofurantoin
- Nitrofurantoin
- Nitrofurantoin (monohydrate/macrocrystals)
- nitrofurantoin component of macrobid
- Nitrofurantoin component of macrobid
- Nitrofurantoin component of macrobid , macrocrystalline
- nitrofurantoin component of macrobid macrocrystalline
- nitrofurantoin macrocrystalline
- Nitrofurantoin macrocrystalline

And 1 more, listed on the interactive page.

### Other names (67)

- 1 5 nitro 2 furanyl methylene amino 2 4 imidazolidenedione
- 1-((5-NITRO-2-FURANYL)METHYLENE)AMINO-2,4-IMIDAZOLIDENEDIONE
- macrobid capsules 100 mg
- macrobid component nitrofurantoin
- MACROBID COMPONENT NITROFURANTOIN
- macrobid component nitrofurantoin macrocrystalline
- MACROBID COMPONENT NITROFURANTOIN, MACROCRYSTALLINE
- Macrobid® Capsules 100 mg
- macrodantin 100 mg capsules
- Macrodantin® 100 mg Capsules
- nitrofurantoin
- Nitrofurantoin
- NITROFURANTOIN \[EP MONOGRAPH\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[GREEN BOOK\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[HSDB\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[IARC\]
- nitrofurantoin \[INN\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[JAN\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[MART.\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[MI\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[ORANGE BOOK\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[USP MONOGRAPH\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[USP-RS\]
- NITROFURANTOIN \[VANDF\]
- Nitrofurantoin \[WHO-DD\]

And 42 more, listed on the interactive page.

## Identifiers

**CAS registry numbers**

- 67-20-9

**ChEMBL ID**

CHEMBL572

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

**InChIKey**

NXFQHRVNIOXGAQ-YCRREMRBSA-N

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

**PubChem compound IDs**

- 6604200

**FDA ingredient codes (UNII)**

- 927AH8112L

### ATC classification codes (2)

- J01XE01
- J01XE51

Sources for recorded values

Source: [www.ebi.ac.uk](https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL572)

### RxNorm IDs (RxCUI) (3)

- 7454
- 221129
- 235559

## Regulatory information

### United States

**Applicant**

CASPER PHARMA LLC

**Approval date**

23 Dec 1953

**Application number**

NDA009175

### Other regulatory facts

**First in class**

No

**Orphan designation**

No

**Availability**

Prescription only

## Approval status

**United States (FDA)**

Approved

## Pharmacology

### Drug classification

**Pharmacology name**

nitrofurantoin

**Type**

Synthetic organic

**Drug name stem**

\-toin

**Approval recorded by Guide to Pharmacology**

Yes

#### Administration routes

- Oral
- Parenteral

### Mechanisms of action (3)

- **Action**  
Inhibition

**Action type**  
Inhibitor

**Target**  
mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 2

**Gene symbol**  
MPC2

**Protein identifier**  
O95563

**Median affinity**

5.48

**Affinity units**  
pIC50
- **Action**  
Inhibition

**Action type**  
Inhibitor

**Target**  
mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 like

**Gene symbol**  
MPC1L

**Protein identifier**  
P0DKB6

**Median affinity**

5.48

**Affinity units**  
pIC50
- **Mechanism**  
DNA inhibitor

**Action type**  
Inhibitor

**Target**  
DNA

### Investigated indications (4)

- **Condition**  
Bacterial Infections

**Highest recorded phase**  
4

**Condition identifier**  
EFO:0000771

**Subject identifier**  
D001424
- **Condition**  
Osteomyelitis

**Highest recorded phase**

0.5

**Condition identifier**  
EFO:0003102

**Subject identifier**  
D010019
- **Condition**  
Urinary Tract Infections

**Highest recorded phase**  
4

**Condition identifier**  
EFO:0003103

**Subject identifier**  
D014552
- **Condition**  
Cystitis

**Highest recorded phase**  
4

**Condition identifier**  
EFO:1000025

**Subject identifier**  
D003556

### Open Targets indications (8)

- **Condition identifier**  
EFO\_0000771
- **Condition identifier**  
EFO\_0003102
- **Condition identifier**  
EFO\_0003103
- **Condition identifier**  
EFO\_1000025
- **Condition identifier**  
HP\_0000010

**Highest recorded phase**  
1
- **Condition identifier**  
MONDO\_0005113

**Highest recorded phase**  
4
- **Condition identifier**  
MONDO\_0006032

**Highest recorded phase**  
4
- **Condition identifier**  
MONDO\_0100338

**Highest recorded phase**  
4

### Reported adverse events (21)

- **Event**  
autoimmune hepatitis

**Reports**  
88

**Reporting signal score**

260.778
- **Event**  
chromaturia

**Reports**  
33

**Reporting signal score**

44.6916
- **Event**  
cystitis

**Reports**  
41

**Reporting signal score**

49.4309
- **Event**  
drug hypersensitivity

**Reports**  
646

**Reporting signal score**  
1,138.23
- **Event**  
drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms

**Reports**  
43

**Reporting signal score**

41.3658
- **Event**  
drug-induced liver injury

**Reports**  
98

**Reporting signal score**

173.586
- **Event**  
dyspnoea

**Reports**  
204

**Reporting signal score**

54.966
- **Event**  
eosinophilia

**Reports**  
44

**Reporting signal score**

59.877
- **Event**  
hepatic fibrosis

**Reports**  
25

**Reporting signal score**

63.353
- **Event**  
hepatitis

**Reports**  
53

**Reporting signal score**

65.7503
- **Event**  
interstitial lung disease

**Reports**  
78

**Reporting signal score**

88.7534
- **Event**  
jaundice

**Reports**  
81

**Reporting signal score**

124.161
- **Event**  
liver function test abnormal

**Reports**  
50

**Reporting signal score**

47.6468
- **Event**  
liver injury

**Reports**  
44

**Reporting signal score**

67.7035
- **Event**  
pulmonary fibrosis

**Reports**  
91

**Reporting signal score**

224.742
- **Event**  
pulmonary toxicity

**Reports**  
58

**Reporting signal score**

164.207
- **Event**  
pyrexia

**Reports**  
157

**Reporting signal score**

47.1122
- **Event**  
rash

**Reports**  
180

**Reporting signal score**

55.7959
- **Event**  
systemic inflammatory response syndrome

**Reports**  
36

**Reporting signal score**

96.9043
- **Event**  
urinary tract infection

**Reports**  
135

**Reporting signal score**

106.592
- **Event**  
wheezing

**Reports**  
43

**Reporting signal score**

38.6538

### Trial references (17)

- NCT00391651  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00391651)
- NCT01092351  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01092351)
- NCT01450800  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01450800)
- NCT01966653  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT01966653)
- NCT02145338  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02145338)
- NCT03287089  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03287089)
- NCT03299387  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03299387)
- NCT03425396  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03425396)
- NCT04020341  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04020341)
- NCT04187144  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04187144)
- NCT04959331  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04959331)
- NCT05138822  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05138822)
- NCT05254808  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05254808)
- NCT05630833  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05630833)
- NCT05652374  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05652374)
- NCT06332781  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06332781)
- NCT02099240  
Source: [clinicaltrials.gov](https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02099240)

## Dosing

**Dose**

100mg

**Route**

Oral

**How often**

Twice daily

### Conditions of use

- Take with food

## Chemical properties

**Hydrogen bond acceptors**

6

**Hydrogen bond donors**

1

**Polar surface area**

118.05

**Calculated partition coefficient (ALogP)**

0.07

**Calculated partition coefficient (XLogP)**

\-0.5

**Prodrug**

No

**Chirality**

Achiral

**Inorganic**

No

**Rule-of-five violations**

0

**Rotatable bonds**

3

**Heavy atoms**

17

**Molecular formula**

C8H6N4O5

**Monoisotopic mass**

238.03381930

**Natural product**

Yes

## National Drug Codes

- 0115-1643
- 0115-1645
- 0185-0122
- 0615-8531
- 0904-7026
- 0904-7571
- 13811-719
- 16571-888
- 31722-491
- 40032-450
- 42571-393
- 42708-178
- 42708-184
- 43386-450
- 43386-641
- 43386-642
- 46708-389
- 46708-390
- 46708-391
- 47781-303
- 50268-623
- 50268-624
- 51655-948
- 52427-285
- 54348-849

And 110 more, listed on the interactive page.

## Evidence counts

**Recorded assays**

5,797

**Active assays**

248

### Active assay types (4)

- Confirmatory
- Other
- Screening
- Summary

## Pharmacologic actions

- Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary  
Source: [id.nlm.nih.gov](https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000892.html)
- Anti-Bacterial Agents  
Source: [id.nlm.nih.gov](https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/D000900.html)

## Biological measurements

These details could not be displayed.

## Related records

### Trials (51)

- A Pilot Comparison of Short-course Nitrofurantoin in Females With Uncomplicated Bacterial Cystitis in the Emergency Department
- A Randomized Trial of Preoperative Prophylactic Antibiotics Prior to Kidney Stone Surgery (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy \[PCNL\])
- A Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Gepotidacin in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
- A Study to Investigate the Efficacy and Safety With Gepotidacin in Japanese Female Participants With Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (Acute Cystitis)
- An Open Clinical Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of the Drug Fluorothiazinone, 300 Mg Tablets with the Participation of Adult Patients with Chronic Bacterial Cystitis"
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Renal Damage In Congenital Abnormalities of the Kidney and Urinary Tract
- Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnancy in Low- and Middle-IncomE Countries
- Bioequivalence Study of Nitrofurantoin 100 mg Capsules Under Fed Conditions
- Bladder Botox UTI Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- Clinical Effectiveness and Bacteriological Eradication of 4 Short-course Antibiotics for Uncomplicated UTIs in Women.
- Clinical Trial Testing Whether Targeted Antibiotic Prophylaxis Can Reduce Infections After Cystectomy Compared to Empiric Prophylaxis
- Comparative Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Gepotidacin to Nitrofurantoin in Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)
- Comparison of Inter-appointment Pain Reduction During Root Canal Treatment in Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis by Using Intracanal Medicaments; Chlorhexidine Gel and Single Antibiotic Paste Nitrofurantoin
- Comparison of Nitrofurantoin and Calcium Hydroxide as Intracanal Medicaments in Alleviating Post-operative Pain
- COMPARISON OF NITROFURANTOIN WITH FOSFOMYCIN in TREATING CYSTITIS IN WOMEN
- Cranberry Tablets Versus Nitrofurantoin Prophylaxis for Urinary Tract Infection Prevention After Urogynecologic Surgery
- Daily Nitrofurantoin Versus Bladder Fulguration Plus Daily Nitrofurantoin for Women With Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections
- Does Treatment With Macrobid Reduce Urinary Tract Infections in Patients Receiving a Sub-Urethral Sling for Incontinence
- Effect of Nitrofurantion Used as an Intracanal Medicament
- Efficacy and Safety of Nitrofurantoin in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections in Adults

### Approved for (3)

- [Bacterial infectious disease](https://trialight.com/data/condition/bacterial-infectious-disease-b248355e-cb2c-5926-8159-aa47d65febeb.md)
- [Cystitis](https://trialight.com/data/condition/cystitis-2c4484c3-baca-5bd7-a9f2-938dbb641710.md)
- [Urinary tract infection](https://trialight.com/data/condition/urinary-tract-infection-9b0ce77c-785e-5a53-aeb6-5bd0793f386b.md)

### In development for (1)

- Osteomyelitis Early phase 1

### Targets (2)

- [MPC1L](https://trialight.com/data/target/mpc1l-51aba135-ca2f-52f6-83dd-f5f8f9968eb1.md)
- [MPC2](https://trialight.com/data/target/mpc2-f055153a-b729-528c-ad6b-c55eaa11a1ac.md)

---

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